Tabla de direcciones
| Dispositivo | Interfaz | Dirección IPv6 | Dirección link-local |
| R1 | G0/0 | 2001:db8:acad:00c8::1/64 | fe80::1:1 |
| R1 | G0/1 | 2001:db8:acad:00c9::1/64 | fe80::1:2 |
| R1 | S0/0/0 | fe80:3:1/10 | NO Aplica |
| R2 | G0/0 | 2001:db8:acad:00da::1/64 | fe80:2:1 |
| R2 | G0/1 | 2001:db8:acad:00db::1/64 | fe80::2:2 |
| R2 | S0/0/0 | fe80:3:2/10 | NO Aplica |
| PC1 | NIC | Configuración automática | fe80::1:1 |
| PC2 | NIC | Configuración automática | fe80::1:2 |
| PC3 | NIC | Configuración automática | fe80:2:1 |
| PC4 | NIC | Configuración automática | fe80:2:2 |
Objetivos
Determinar las subredes y el esquema de direccionamiento IPv6.
Configurar el direccionamiento IPv6 en los routers y las PCs.
Antecedentes
Me han pedido que configure una red para que el personal de ventas la utilice durante una demostración para clientes. La red utilizará una serie de subredes IPv6 consecutivas para cuatro LAN. Mi tarea consiste en asignar las subredes a las LAN y configurar los routers y PCs con direccionamiento IPv6. Además, debo asegurarme de configurar todos los componentes necesarios para el enrutamiento IPv6 en los routers.
Determinar las subredes IPv6 y el esquema de direccionamiento
Se me ha proporcionado la subred IPv6 2001:db8:acad:00c8::/64 como subred inicial. Necesito crear cuatro subredes adicionales, una para cada red requerida. Para ello, incrementaré las direcciones de subred consecutivamente en uno para obtener las cuatro subredes necesarias.
A continuación, detallo el esquema de direccionamiento:
| Subred | Dirección de red IPv6 | Link-local |
| LAN G0/0 del R1 | 2001:db8:acad:00c8::1/64 | fe80::1:1/10 |
| LAN G0/1 del R1 | 2001:db8:acad:00c9::1/64 | fe80::1:2/10 |
| LAN G0/0 del R2 | 2001:db8:acad:00ca::1/64 | fe80::2:1/10 |
| LAN G0/1 del R2 | 2001:db8:acad:00cb::1/64 | fe80::2:2/10 |
| Enlace R1 a R2 | fe80::3:1/10 | No aplica |
Habilitar el enrutamiento IPv6
Para que los routers puedan enrutar paquetes IPv6, debo activar la función unicast-routing. Esto se realiza mediante el siguiente comando en modo de configuración global:
Este paso es esencial para garantizar que los routers puedan manejar correctamente el tráfico IPv6 entre las subredes configuradas
R1>enable
R1#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R1(config)#ipv6 unicast-routing
Configuración de R1
Interface G0/0 R1
R1(config)#int giga 0/0
R1(config-if)#ipv6 add 2001:db8:acad:c8::1/64
R1(config-if)#ipv6 add fe80::1:1 link-local
R1(config-if)#desc LINK To LAN1
R1(config-if)#no shut
Interface G0/1 R1
R1(config-if)#int giga 0/1
R1(config-if)#ipv6 add 2001:db8:acad:c9::1/64
R1(config-if)#ipv6 add fe80::1:2 link-local
R1(config-if)#desc LINK To LAN2
R1(config-if)#no shut
Interface Serial 0/0/0 R1
R1(config)#int serial 0/0/0
R1(config-if)#ipv6 add fe80::3:1 link-local
R1(config-if)#descr LINK To R2
R1(config-if)#no shut
Routing To R2
Para el routing estatico debemos indicar la interfaz de salida cuando utilizas una dirección link-local como próximo salto (nexthop).
R1(config)#ipv6 route 2001:db8:acad:ca::/64 Serial 0/0/0 fe80::3:1
R1(config)#ipv6 route 2001:db8:acad:cb::/64 Serial 0/0/0 fe80::3:1
R1(config)#end
Configuración de R2
Interface G0/0 R2
R2(config)#int giga 0/0
R2(config-if)#ipv6 add 2001:db8:acad:ca::1/64
R2(config-if)#ipv6 add fe80::2:1 link-local
R2(config-if)#desc LINK To LAN3
R2(config-if)#no shut
Interface G0/1 R2
R2(config-if)#int giga 0/1
R2(config-if)#ipv6 add 2001:db8:acad:00cb::1/64
R2(config-if)#ipv6 add fe80::2:2 link-local
R2(config-if)#desc LINK To LAN4
R2(config-if)#no shut
Interface Serial 0/0/0 R2
R1(config)#int serial 0/0/0
R1(config-if)#ipv6 add fe80::3:1 link-local
R1(config-if)#descr LINK To R2
R1(config-if)#no shut
Routing To R2
Para el routing estatico debemos indicar la interfaz de salida cuando utilizas una dirección link-local como próximo salto (nexthop).
R2(config)#ipv6 route 2001:db8:acad:c8::/64 Serial 0/0/0 fe80::3:2
R2(config)#ipv6 route 2001:db8:acad:c9::/64 Serial 0/0/0 fe80::3:2
R2(config)#end
Resultados
C:\>ping fe80::1:1
Pinging fe80::1:1 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from FE80::1:1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=255
Reply from FE80::1:1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=255
Reply from FE80::1:1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=255
Reply from FE80::1:1: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=255
Ping statistics for FE80::1:1:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms
C:\>ping 2001:DB8:ACAD:C9:201:C7FF:FE66:86E9
Pinging 2001:DB8:ACAD:C9:201:C7FF:FE66:86E9 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 2001:DB8:ACAD:C9:201:C7FF:FE66:86E9: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=127
Reply from 2001:DB8:ACAD:C9:201:C7FF:FE66:86E9: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=127
Reply from 2001:DB8:ACAD:C9:201:C7FF:FE66:86E9: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=127
Reply from 2001:DB8:ACAD:C9:201:C7FF:FE66:86E9: bytes=32 time<1ms TTL=127
Ping statistics for 2001:DB8:ACAD:C9:201:C7FF:FE66:86E9:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 1ms, Average = 0ms
C:\>ping 2001:DB8:ACAD:CA:201:C9FF:FE72:E2D9
Pinging 2001:DB8:ACAD:CA:201:C9FF:FE72:E2D9 with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 2001:DB8:ACAD:CA:201:C9FF:FE72:E2D9: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=126
Reply from 2001:DB8:ACAD:CA:201:C9FF:FE72:E2D9: bytes=32 time=2ms TTL=126
Reply from 2001:DB8:ACAD:CA:201:C9FF:FE72:E2D9: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=126
Reply from 2001:DB8:ACAD:CA:201:C9FF:FE72:E2D9: bytes=32 time=11ms TTL=126
Ping statistics for 2001:DB8:ACAD:CA:201:C9FF:FE72:E2D9:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 1ms, Maximum = 11ms, Average = 3ms
C:\>ping 2001:DB8:ACAD:CB:2E0:A3FF:FE12:16CB
Pinging 2001:DB8:ACAD:CB:2E0:A3FF:FE12:16CB with 32 bytes of data:
Reply from 2001:DB8:ACAD:CB:2E0:A3FF:FE12:16CB: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=126
Reply from 2001:DB8:ACAD:CB:2E0:A3FF:FE12:16CB: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=126
Reply from 2001:DB8:ACAD:CB:2E0:A3FF:FE12:16CB: bytes=32 time=10ms TTL=126
Reply from 2001:DB8:ACAD:CB:2E0:A3FF:FE12:16CB: bytes=32 time=1ms TTL=126
Ping statistics for 2001:DB8:ACAD:CB:2E0:A3FF:FE12:16CB:
Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
Minimum = 1ms, Maximum = 10ms, Average = 3ms
Referencias
CCNA: Introduction to Networks. (n.d.). https://www.netacad.com/es/courses/ccna-introduction-networks?courseLang=es-XL&instance_id=da70b1a4-51ec-40b3-8d6a-67a5c9dd2146